diff --git a/web/hwlab-cloud-web/src/App.tsx b/web/hwlab-cloud-web/src/App.tsx
index 35f5a0d4..a18b84c3 100644
--- a/web/hwlab-cloud-web/src/App.tsx
+++ b/web/hwlab-cloud-web/src/App.tsx
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ export function App(): ReactElement {
   const auth = useAuth();
   const store = useWorkbenchStore(auth.authState === "authenticated");
   const [route, setRoute] = useState<RouteId>(() => routeFromLocation());
+  const [pickedDraft, setPickedDraft] = useState<string | null>(null);
   const [leftCollapsed, setLeftCollapsed] = useState(false);
   const [rightCollapsed, setRightCollapsed] = useState(false);
   const [help, setHelp] = useState("加载中");
@@ -61,6 +62,19 @@ export function App(): ReactElement {
     return () => window.removeEventListener("hashchange", listener);
   }, []);
 
+  function pickDraft(value: string): void {
+    setPickedDraft(value);
+  }
+
+  function clearPickedDraft(): void {
+    setPickedDraft(null);
+  }
+
+  async function submitWithDraftRecord(value: string): Promise<void> {
+    recordDraft(value);
+    await store.submitMessage(value);
+  }
+
   useEffect(() => {
     if (route !== "help") return;
     void fetchText("/help.md", { timeoutMs: 8000 }).then((response) => setHelp(response.ok ? response.data ?? "" : `帮助内容加载失败：${response.error ?? "unknown"}`));
@@ -113,7 +127,8 @@ export function App(): ReactElement {
         {route === "gate" ? <GateView /> : null}
         {route === "help" ? <HelpView help={help} /> : null}
         {route === "settings" ? <SettingsView onLogout={auth.logout} /> : null}
-        <CommandBar disabled={store.composer.disabled} providerProfile={store.state.providerProfile} codeAgentTimeoutMs={store.state.codeAgentTimeoutMs} gatewayShellTimeoutMs={store.state.gatewayShellTimeoutMs} onProviderProfile={store.setProviderProfile} onCodeAgentTimeout={store.setCodeAgentTimeoutMs} onGatewayShellTimeout={store.setGatewayShellTimeoutMs} onSubmit={store.submitMessage} onClear={store.clearConversation} />
+        <DraftsList onPick={pickDraft} />
+        <CommandBar disabled={store.composer.disabled} providerProfile={store.state.providerProfile} codeAgentTimeoutMs={store.state.codeAgentTimeoutMs} gatewayShellTimeoutMs={store.state.gatewayShellTimeoutMs} onProviderProfile={store.setProviderProfile} onCodeAgentTimeout={store.setCodeAgentTimeoutMs} onGatewayShellTimeout={store.setGatewayShellTimeoutMs} onSubmit={submitWithDraftRecord} onClear={store.clearConversation} pickedDraft={pickedDraft} onPickedDraftConsumed={clearPickedDraft} disabledReason={store.composer.disabledReason} />
       </section>
       <div
         className="resize-handle right-sidebar-resize"
@@ -183,3 +198,4 @@ function routeFromLocation(): RouteId {
   if (path === "/gate" || path === "/diagnostics/gate") return "gate";
   return "workspace";
 }
+import { DraftsList, recordDraft } from "./components/command-bar/DraftsList";
diff --git a/web/hwlab-cloud-web/src/components/command-bar/CommandBar.tsx b/web/hwlab-cloud-web/src/components/command-bar/CommandBar.tsx
index 9b57a39d..d8b9e3ce 100644
--- a/web/hwlab-cloud-web/src/components/command-bar/CommandBar.tsx
+++ b/web/hwlab-cloud-web/src/components/command-bar/CommandBar.tsx
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import type { ReactElement } from "react";
-import { FormEvent, KeyboardEvent, useState } from "react";
+import { FormEvent, KeyboardEvent, useEffect, useState } from "react";
 
 import type { ProviderProfile } from "../../types/domain";
 
@@ -13,12 +13,22 @@ interface CommandBarProps {
   onGatewayShellTimeout(value: number): void;
   onSubmit(value: string): Promise<void>;
   onClear(): void;
+  pickedDraft: string | null;
+  onPickedDraftConsumed(): void;
+  disabledReason: string | null;
 }
 
-export function CommandBar(props: CommandBarProps): ReactElement {
+export function CommandBar({ pickedDraft, onPickedDraftConsumed, disabledReason, ...props }: CommandBarProps): ReactElement {
   const [value, setValue] = useState("");
   const [pending, setPending] = useState(false);
 
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (pickedDraft) {
+      setValue(pickedDraft);
+      onPickedDraftConsumed();
+    }
+  }, [pickedDraft, onPickedDraftConsumed]);
+
   async function submit(event: FormEvent<HTMLFormElement>): Promise<void> {
     event.preventDefault();
     const next = value.trim();
@@ -39,7 +49,7 @@ export function CommandBar(props: CommandBarProps): ReactElement {
   }
 
   return (
-    <form className="command-bar" id="command-form" aria-label="Agent 输入" onSubmit={submit}>
+    <form className="command-bar" id="command-form" aria-label="Agent 输入" onSubmit={submit} title={disabledReason ?? undefined}>
       <label className="agent-timeout-control" htmlFor="code-agent-provider-profile">
         <span>模型通道</span>
         <select id="code-agent-provider-profile" aria-label="Code Agent 模型通道" value={props.providerProfile} onChange={(event) => props.onProviderProfile(event.currentTarget.value as ProviderProfile)}>
diff --git a/web/hwlab-cloud-web/src/components/command-bar/DraftsList.tsx b/web/hwlab-cloud-web/src/components/command-bar/DraftsList.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..524fadd7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/web/hwlab-cloud-web/src/components/command-bar/DraftsList.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+import type { ReactElement } from "react";
+import { useEffect, useState } from "react";
+
+import { shortToken } from "../../utils";
+
+interface DraftsListProps {
+  onPick(draft: string): void;
+}
+
+interface DraftEntry {
+  text: string;
+  ts: string;
+}
+
+const DRAFTS_KEY = "hwlab.workbench.recentDrafts.v1";
+const DRAFTS_LIMIT = 8;
+
+export function DraftsList({ onPick }: DraftsListProps): ReactElement | null {
+  const [drafts, setDrafts] = useState<DraftEntry[]>([]);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    try {
+      const raw = window.localStorage.getItem(DRAFTS_KEY);
+      if (!raw) {
+        setDrafts([]);
+        return;
+      }
+      const parsed: unknown = JSON.parse(raw);
+      if (Array.isArray(parsed)) {
+        const next = parsed.filter((item): item is DraftEntry => {
+          return Boolean(item) && typeof item === "object" && typeof (item as { text?: unknown }).text === "string" && typeof (item as { ts?: unknown }).ts === "string";
+        }).slice(0, DRAFTS_LIMIT);
+        setDrafts(next);
+      }
+    } catch {
+      setDrafts([]);
+    }
+  }, []);
+
+  if (drafts.length === 0) return null;
+  return (
+    <section className="drafts-list" data-drafts-list aria-label="最近发送过的草稿">
+      <header className="drafts-list-head">
+        <p className="eyebrow">最近输入</p>
+        <button type="button" className="command-button secondary" onClick={() => { try { window.localStorage.removeItem(DRAFTS_KEY); } catch { /* ignore */ } setDrafts([]); }}>清空</button>
+      </header>
+      <ul className="drafts-list-items" role="list">
+        {drafts.map((draft, index) => (
+          <li key={`${draft.ts}-${index}`} role="listitem">
+            <button type="button" className="draft-chip mono" title={`${draft.ts.slice(0, 19)} · ${shortToken(draft.text, 80)}`} onClick={() => onPick(draft.text)}>
+              {shortToken(draft.text, 32)}
+            </button>
+          </li>
+        ))}
+      </ul>
+    </section>
+  );
+}
+
+export function recordDraft(text: string): void {
+  if (typeof window === "undefined") return;
+  const trimmed = text.trim();
+  if (!trimmed) return;
+  try {
+    const raw = window.localStorage.getItem(DRAFTS_KEY);
+    const parsed: unknown = raw ? JSON.parse(raw) : [];
+    const existing: DraftEntry[] = Array.isArray(parsed) ? parsed.filter((item): item is DraftEntry => Boolean(item) && typeof (item as { text?: unknown }).text === "string") : [];
+    const next = [{ text: trimmed, ts: new Date().toISOString() }, ...existing.filter((item) => item.text !== trimmed)].slice(0, DRAFTS_LIMIT);
+    window.localStorage.setItem(DRAFTS_KEY, JSON.stringify(next));
+  } catch { /* ignore */ }
+}
diff --git a/web/hwlab-cloud-web/src/components/conversation/ConversationPanel.tsx b/web/hwlab-cloud-web/src/components/conversation/ConversationPanel.tsx
index 22d433e3..768cda0f 100644
--- a/web/hwlab-cloud-web/src/components/conversation/ConversationPanel.tsx
+++ b/web/hwlab-cloud-web/src/components/conversation/ConversationPanel.tsx
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { renderMessageMarkdown } from "../../services/markdown/render";
 import type { ChatMessage, CodeAgentAvailability, LiveSurface } from "../../types/domain";
 import { formatBeijingTime, jsonPreview, shortToken, toneClass } from "../../utils";
 import { codeAgentSummaryRows, classifyCodeAgentStatusSummary } from "../../state/code-agent-status";
+import { agentStatusLabel } from "../../state/agent-status-labels";
 import { StateTag } from "../shared/StateTag";
 import { MessageTracePanel } from "./MessageTracePanel";
 import { MessageActions } from "./MessageActions";
@@ -111,7 +112,7 @@ function MessageCard({ message, codeAgentTimeoutMs, onCancel, onRetry, onReplayT
           <p className="eyebrow">{message.role === "user" ? "用户" : message.role === "agent" ? "Code Agent" : "System"}</p>
           <h3>{message.title}</h3>
         </div>
-        <StateTag tone={toneClass(message.status)}>{statusLabel(message.status)}</StateTag>
+        <StateTag tone={statusLabel(message).tone}>{statusLabel(message).label}</StateTag>
       </header>
       <div className="message-body" dangerouslySetInnerHTML={{ __html: html }} />
       {message.role === "agent" && message.status === "running" ? <MessagePendingContext message={message} codeAgentTimeoutMs={codeAgentTimeoutMs} /> : null}
@@ -128,9 +129,9 @@ function MessageCard({ message, codeAgentTimeoutMs, onCancel, onRetry, onReplayT
   );
 }
 
-function statusLabel(status: string): string {
-  const map: Record<string, string> = { source: "SOURCE", sent: "已发送", running: "处理中", completed: "完成", failed: "失败", blocked: "阻塞", timeout: "超时", canceled: "已取消" };
-  return map[status] ?? status;
+function statusLabel(message: ChatMessage): { label: string; tone: ReturnType<typeof toneClass> } {
+  const label = agentStatusLabel(message);
+  return { label: label.label, tone: label.tone };
 }
 
 function availabilitySummary(availability: CodeAgentAvailability | null): string {
diff --git a/web/hwlab-cloud-web/src/state/agent-status-labels.ts b/web/hwlab-cloud-web/src/state/agent-status-labels.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..decb62e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/web/hwlab-cloud-web/src/state/agent-status-labels.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+import type { ChatMessage } from "../types/domain";
+import { firstNonEmptyString, nonEmptyString, toneClass } from "../utils";
+
+export type AgentStatusLabelTone = ReturnType<typeof toneClass>;
+
+export interface AgentStatusLabel {
+  label: string;
+  tone: AgentStatusLabelTone;
+  detail?: string;
+}
+
+const FALLBACK_FAILURE_LABELS: Record<string, string> = {
+  timeout: "等待超时",
+  provider: "Provider 不可用",
+  runner_busy: "Runner 忙碌",
+  session_blocked: "Session 受阻",
+  canceled: "已取消",
+  runner_blocked: "Runner 受阻",
+  api_error: "API 错误",
+  needs_config: "需要配置",
+  capability_unavailable: "能力未开放",
+  security_blocked: "安全阻断",
+  fallback: "仍是 fallback",
+  retryable: "可重试"
+};
+
+const STATUS_LABEL: Record<string, string> = {
+  source: "SOURCE",
+  sent: "已发送",
+  running: "处理中",
+  completed: "完成",
+  failed: "失败",
+  blocked: "阻塞",
+  timeout: "超时",
+  canceled: "已取消",
+  unknown: "未知"
+};
+
+export function agentStatusLabel(message: ChatMessage): AgentStatusLabel {
+  const status = String(message.status ?? "");
+  if (status !== "failed") {
+    return { label: STATUS_LABEL[status] ?? status, tone: toneClass(status) };
+  }
+  const errorCode = (message.error as { code?: string } | null | undefined)?.code;
+  const errorMessage = (message.error as { message?: string } | null | undefined)?.message;
+  const text: string = typeof message.text === "string" ? message.text : "";
+  const category = classifyFailure(errorCode ?? undefined, errorMessage ?? undefined, text);
+  return {
+    label: FALLBACK_FAILURE_LABELS[category] ?? STATUS_LABEL.failed,
+    tone: toneClass("failed"),
+    detail: errorMessage ?? text
+  } as AgentStatusLabel;
+}
+
+function classifyFailure(errorCode: string | undefined, errorMessage: string | undefined, text: string): string {
+  if (errorCode === "codex_stdio_canceled") return "canceled";
+  if (errorCode === "thread-resume-failed") return "retryable";
+  if (errorCode === "codex_app_server_unavailable") return "provider";
+  if (errorCode === "runner_busy") return "runner_busy";
+  if (errorCode === "runner_blocked") return "runner_blocked";
+  if (errorCode === "session_blocked") return "session_blocked";
+  if (errorCode === "api_error" || errorCode === "codex_app_server_error") return "api_error";
+  if (errorCode === "missing_config" || errorCode === "missing_env") return "needs_config";
+  if (errorCode === "capability_unavailable" || errorCode === "capability_blocked") return "capability_unavailable";
+  if (errorCode === "security_blocked" || errorCode === "secret_blocked") return "security_blocked";
+  if (errorCode === "client_trace_idle_timeout" || errorCode === "client_timeout" || errorCode === "proxy_timeout" || errorCode === "cloud_api_proxy_timeout") return "timeout";
+  if (errorCode === "code_agent_background_failed" || errorCode === "code_agent_session_evidence_missing") return "runner_blocked";
+  if (typeof text === "string" && /(timeout|超时)/iu.test(text)) return "timeout";
+  if (typeof text === "string" && /(provider|fallback|read-only)/iu.test(text)) return "fallback";
+  if (errorMessage && /(timeout|超时)/iu.test(errorMessage)) return "timeout";
+  if (errorMessage && /(provider|fallback|read-only)/iu.test(errorMessage)) return "fallback";
+  return "retryable";
+}
+
+export function agentStatusTone(message: ChatMessage): AgentStatusLabelTone {
+  return toneClass(message.status ?? "");
+}
+
+export function sourceTitle(result: { updatedAt?: string }): string {
+  return `Code Agent 回复 ${formatBeijingTimeShort(result.updatedAt ?? new Date().toISOString())}`;
+}
+
+export function sourceFixtureTitle(result: { updatedAt?: string }): string {
+  return `Code Agent SOURCE 回复 ${formatBeijingTimeShort(result.updatedAt ?? new Date().toISOString())}`;
+}
+
+export function textFallbackTitle(result: { updatedAt?: string }): string {
+  return `Code Agent 文本 fallback 回复 ${formatBeijingTimeShort(result.updatedAt ?? new Date().toISOString())}`;
+}
+
+function formatBeijingTimeShort(iso: string): string {
+  try {
+    return new Date(iso).toLocaleString("zh-CN", { timeZone: "Asia/Shanghai", month: "2-digit", day: "2-digit", hour: "2-digit", minute: "2-digit" });
+  } catch {
+    return iso;
+  }
+}
+
+export { nonEmptyString, firstNonEmptyString };
diff --git a/web/hwlab-cloud-web/src/styles/workbench.css b/web/hwlab-cloud-web/src/styles/workbench.css
index cbfc3524..59252d9d 100644
--- a/web/hwlab-cloud-web/src/styles/workbench.css
+++ b/web/hwlab-cloud-web/src/styles/workbench.css
@@ -150,6 +150,12 @@ button:disabled { cursor: not-allowed; opacity: 0.55; }
 .gate-raw pre { margin: 4px 0 0; max-height: 240px; overflow: auto; background: #f3f5f1; padding: 8px; border-radius: 6px; }
 .gate-table tbody tr[data-status-key="blocked"] td:first-child { border-left: 3px solid var(--bad); padding-left: 5px; }
 .gate-table tbody tr[data-status-key="pass"] td:first-child { border-left: 3px solid var(--ok); padding-left: 5px; }
+.drafts-list { display: grid; gap: 4px; padding: 6px 14px; border-top: 1px dashed var(--line); background: #f7f8f4; }
+.drafts-list-head { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; }
+.drafts-list-head .command-button { padding: 2px 8px; min-height: 24px; }
+.drafts-list-items { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 6px; }
+.draft-chip { border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 6px; background: var(--surface); color: var(--ink); padding: 2px 8px; font-size: 12px; cursor: pointer; max-width: 280px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; }
+.draft-chip:hover, .draft-chip:focus-visible { border-color: var(--accent); outline: 0; }
 .conversation-list { min-height: 0; display: grid; align-content: start; gap: 12px; overflow: auto; padding-right: 4px; }
 .message-card { border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 8px; background: #fff; padding: 12px; }
 .message-head { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 10px; }